Fall 2003, Dossey STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL EXAM: Dec

Fall 2003, Dossey STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL EXAM: Dec. 8 (Mon): 3-5 pm, Cudahy Science 202

STRUCTURE OF EXAM

1. 5 short identifications (1/3)

2. One essay question (1/3)

3. Comparison of two texts (1/3)

PART I. IDENTIFICATIONS (FIVE OF THE FOLLOWING WILL BE ON THE EXAM)

Who or what was it? When? Where? What is the historical significance?

Aristotle

Ptolemy

Byzantine Empire

caliphate

monasticism

Carolingians

First Crusade

trans-Saharan caravan routes

madrasa

Averroes

“Arabic” numerals

knights

chivalry

serf

ordeal

scholasticism

university

Silk Road

Mongols

Il-khan Empire

Hundred Years' War

gunpowder

Joan of Arc

Black Death

Aztecs

Mali

humanism

Machiavelli

inquisitions

Ming dynasty

Indian Ocean Trade

Protestant Reformation

printing press

Jesuits

Copernicus

Thirty Years' War

Ottomans

caffeine

II. FIRST ESSAY QUESTION (CHOICE FROM TWO)

Your essays should begin and end with a sentence (or several sentences) summarizing your answer. Please support your argument with specific examples drawn from the primary sources, Bulliet and the lectures.

1. For most of this course, western Europe was "underdeveloped" compared to many other regions of the world. So why was it the Europeans who became the explorers of the Americas? (HINT: part of your answer should be to explain why other cultures did not explore distant continents to the same extent).

2. Describe three major transformations in the nature of Eurasian warfare between the fall of the western Roman Empire and the seventeenth century. How did these changes in warfare affect political structures?

3. When Said Al-Andalusi was writing in the 11th century, he included Christian Europeans among those peoples who were not interested in science. Yet by the 17th century, Europeans were positing a sun-centered solar system, dissecting corpses, and inventing the first microscopes. Trace the developments between the 11^th and 17^th centuries that allowed the Europeans to become the leaders in scientific and technological innovation.

4. In the early Middle Ages, Europeans had relied upon religion to guide and explain human and natural events. Describe and explain how they came to adopt more secular approaches to politics, science, and judicial procedure by the 17^th century. Be clear about the chronology of these developments.

5. Would you agree or disagree with the following statement: “The role of women in the past was predominately limited to taking care of children and looking after the house.” Support your position by examining the role of women in three different pre-modern societies (one of which can be from before midterm).

III. TEXTUAL ANALYSIS (ONE ESSAY ON TWO PRIMARY SOURCES)

There will be selections from two primary sources from one of the following clusters. They will be chosen because they have some thematic similarity; for example, both may relate to warfare, political theory, etc. Write an essay comparing the texts, answering the following questions. Who wrote them? For what audience and purpose? When? *What do they tell us about the societies that produced them? Part of your job will be to trace change over time or differences between civilizations. Give examples / short quotes from the text to prove your points.

1. Science / Intellectual life

Al-Andalusi, Categories of Nations (use the shortened version that I emailed out or that is on Course Connect site)

Usamah Ibn Munqidh, Excerpts on the Franks (web)

Kishlansky 44. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica

Copernicus' De Revolutionibus (Web)

Matteo Ricci on China (web)

2. Politics

4. Judicial procedure

Usamah Ibn Munqidh, Excerpts on the Franks (web)

Confession of Agimet of Geneva (web)

Trial of Joan of Arc (Web)

5. Gender relations

Kish. 32. Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne;

Usamah Ibn Munqidh, Excerpts on the Franks (web)

Trial of Joan of Arc (15th century CE) (Web)

Kish. 62. Martin Luther. The Freedom of a Christian (1520) and Marriage and Celibacy

6. Material Culture